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public-onion/sources/posts/minecraft_server.md
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title: "Dockerizing my Minecraft Server + Geyser: from 'no space left' to stable releases"
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date: 2025-09-29T09:06:29Z
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draft: false
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tags: ["minecraft", "docker", "paper", "papermod", "geyser", "linux", "lvm"]
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categories: ["Homelab", "Games"]
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toc: true
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summary: "How I containerized a Java Minecraft server with Geyser, hit a /var space wall, and locked the server to the latest stable release."
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---
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## Why
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I’ve been running a Java Minecraft world (with Bedrock players via **Geyser**) in `tmux`. I moved it to Docker for easier updates, backups, and restarts. Along the way I hit:
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- `failed to register layer: ... no space left on device`
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- Client saying: **“Outdated client, please use 1.21.9 Pre-Release 2”**
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- Wanting config in a neat `.env` and **no whitelist**
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Here’s exactly what I did.
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---
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## Folder layout
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```bash
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~/minecraft/
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├─ docker-compose.yml
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├─ .env
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└─ plugins/
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```
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---
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## `.env` (secrets & knobs)
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Use the **latest stable** (not snapshots/pre-releases) by setting `VERSION=LATEST`.
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```env
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# Minecraft server configuration
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EULA=TRUE
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TYPE=PAPER
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VERSION=LATEST
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MEMORY=4G
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USE_AIKAR_FLAGS=true
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# RCON (remote console)
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ENABLE_RCON=true
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RCON_PASSWORD=superSecretPassword123
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```
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> I don’t use a whitelist, so no `WHITELIST`/`ENFORCE_WHITELIST` variables.
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---
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## `docker-compose.yml`
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```yaml
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services:
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mc:
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image: itzg/minecraft-server:latest
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container_name: mc
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restart: unless-stopped
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ports:
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- "25565:25565" # Java
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- "19132:19132/udp" # Bedrock via Geyser plugin
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env_file:
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- .env
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volumes:
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- mc-data:/data
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- ./plugins:/plugins:ro
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volumes:
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mc-data: {}
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```
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> The `version:` key in Compose is obsolete now, so I dropped it.
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---
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## Add Geyser (and optional Floodgate) as plugins
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```bash
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mkdir -p ~/minecraft/plugins
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cd ~/minecraft/plugins
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# Geyser (Spigot/Paper)
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wget https://download.geysermc.org/v2/projects/geyser/versions/latest/builds/latest/downloads/spigot -O Geyser-Spigot.jar
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# Floodgate (optional: Bedrock accounts without Java linking)
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wget https://download.geysermc.org/v2/projects/floodgate/versions/latest/builds/latest/downloads/spigot -O Floodgate-Spigot.jar
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```
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Start it up:
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```bash
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docker compose up -d
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```
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On first run, Geyser writes its config to `/data/plugins/Geyser-Spigot/`. Open UDP **19132** on your firewall.
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---
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## Hit a wall: `/var` ran out of space
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Docker stores layers at `/var/lib/docker` by default. My `/var` LV was tiny:
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```
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/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-var 3.9G 3.4G 333M 92% /var
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```
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### Quick cleanup
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```bash
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docker system df
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docker system prune -f
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docker builder prune -af
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sudo apt-get clean
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sudo journalctl --vacuum-size=100M
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```
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If that’s not enough, you have two good options:
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### Option A — Move Docker’s data off `/var`
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```bash
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sudo systemctl stop docker
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sudo mkdir -p /home/docker
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sudo rsync -aHAX --info=progress2 /var/lib/docker/ /home/docker/
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echo '{ "data-root": "/home/docker" }' | sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json
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sudo systemctl start docker
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docker info | grep "Docker Root Dir"
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```
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If all looks good, free the old space:
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```bash
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sudo rm -rf /var/lib/docker/*
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```
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### Option B — Grow `/var` (LVM)
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Check free space in the VG:
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```bash
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sudo vgdisplay # look for "Free PE / Size"
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```
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If available, extend `/var` by +5G:
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```bash
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sudo lvextend -L +5G /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-var
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sudo resize2fs /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-var
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```
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---
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## The version mismatch: pre-release vs stable
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My logs showed:
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```
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Starting minecraft server version 1.21.9 Pre-Release 2
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```
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That happens if the server pulls a pre-release build (or if `VERSION=LATEST`). Fix:
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1. Ensure `.env` has:
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```env
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VERSION=LATEST_RELEASE
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```
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2. Recreate:
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```bash
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docker compose down
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docker compose pull
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docker compose up -d
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```
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3. Verify:
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```bash
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docker logs mc | grep "Starting minecraft server version"
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# -> Starting minecraft server version 1.21.1 (example)
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```
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> Tip: If you **want to pin** and avoid auto-updates entirely, set `VERSION=1.21.1` (or whatever stable you’ve validated).
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---
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## No whitelist
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Because I don’t set `WHITELIST`/`ENFORCE_WHITELIST`, anyone can join (subject to online-mode, bans, and Geyser/Floodgate auth settings). Manage ops/permissions via:
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```bash
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docker exec -it mc rcon-cli "op YourJavaIGN"
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```
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(or edit `/data/ops.json`).
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---
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## Backup & updates
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- World/data live under the `mc-data` volume → back up `/data` regularly.
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- Update cleanly:
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```bash
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docker compose pull && docker compose up -d
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```
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- Watch space:
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```bash
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watch -n5 'df -h /var; docker system df'
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```
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---
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## TL;DR
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- Put **Geyser/Floodgate** jars in `./plugins` and expose **19132/udp**.
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- Keep configs in `.env`.
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- Fix `/var` space by pruning, **moving Docker’s data-root**, or **extending `/var`** via LVM.
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- Verify version in logs after each change.
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Happy block-breaking! 🧱🚀
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---
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{{< sigdl >}}
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